Note that this is busy-waiting, so unlike vTaskDelay it does not allow other tasks to run (it just burns CPU cycles. sleep ( 1 ) # sleep for 1 second time . Because there are more interrupt sources than interrupts, sometimes it makes sense to share an interrupt in multiple drivers. Moreover, they are much more precise (certainly depending on clock frequency. In particular the following timer’s parameters may be set: Divider: How quickly the timer’s counter is “ticking”. Post by HelWeb » Wed May 01, 2019 4:32 pm . 9 posts. 0, however some functions of FreeRTOS v9. Posts an event to the system default event loop. In particular the following timer’s parameters may be set: Divider: How quickly the timer’s counter is “ticking”. It is completely independent from the ESP-IDF and does not use any ESP-IDF tools or files. The sdk for the chip needed 2msec. I also used portTICK_RATE_MS but the speed didnt change . I have read the documentation ESP-IDF Programming Guide and the issue is not addressed there. Timer callbacks can be dispatched by two methods: ESP_TIMER_TASK. us – Number of microseconds to pause . The timer can be started in one-shot mode or in periodic mode. 0000041666666666667 ms per clock tick. I have disabled all interrupts. e. IDF documentation suggests microsecond delay - should be millisec. (which is the P after the 20 microsecond delay in the above diagram,) the idea is to attempt to read three bytes from the device in a loop until the three bytes can be read successfully. Ddelays smaller than 10ms used in a loop would starve the FreeRTOS IDLE tasks’ as they are low prio tasks and hence the the IDLE tasks’ watchdog will trigger. Post by filo_gr » Thu Sep 09, 2021 6:57 am . A positive number or. I also used portTICK_RATE_MS but the speed didnt change . The PCF8574 I2C expander is shown below. For that, you can use the following function: esp_sleep_get_ext1_wakeup_status() This function returns a number of base 2, with the GPIO number as an exponent: 2^ (GPIO). I would definitely advise you to switch from Arduino to the esp-idf framework. h I was able to call esp_wifi_get_tsf and get a result!Board index English Forum Discussion Forum ESP-IDF [SOLVED] My function for microseconds delay doesn't work properly. If we go to the Ticker. 11 protocol. Github repository with HTTPS connectivity sensor node under ESP-IDF framework:. Added documentation regarding delay() resolution in esp-idf component #3014. The time synchronization period is determined by CONFIG_LWIP_SNTP_UPDATE_DELAY (the default value is one hour). ESP-IDF ESP-BOX ESP-ADF ESP-MDF ESP-WHO ESP-SkaiNet ESP32 Arduino IDEs for ESP-IDF ESP-AT ESP IoT Solution. Then look at the hello world example and modify it blink an LED while still continuously printing the 'hello world' string. Note that this is busy-waiting – it does not allow other tasks to run, it just burns CPU cycles. The best solution for me would be to set date and time (2022-03-17 14:15:00) by user (by me in code) and start timing from that date. According to the features used by an application, there are some sub sleep modes. To create a timer, call esp_timer_create (). It’s also one of the worst things. mbratch Posts: 271 Joined: Fri Jun 11, 2021 1:51 pm. const unsigned char sample [] = { // here a lot of numbers - audio data }; hw_timer_t * timer = NULL ; portMUX_TYPE timerMux = portMUX_INITIALIZER. Step 3: Connect the Power Pin. Post by filo_gr » Thu Sep 09, 2021 6:57 am . When ı create a task using xTaskCreate() function and adding some delay in the task function. red. Now run the following commands to make sure we can compile and flash the code before continuing. Arm/Start the timer , in case you detached the interrupt attach it back. Dimming an LED may be done with PWM - not so with a. g. However, improving execution speed may have trade-offs with other aspects of performance such as Minimizing Binary Size. Hello community, I made a. To open the project in a new window, click ‘Yes. time (), gmtime (), localtime (), mktime (), gettimeofday () etc. h","path. h. It appears that simply using taskENTER_CRITICAL (); and taskEXIT_CRITICAL (); from the FreeRTOS docs does not work because of the way FreeRTOS is modified for ESP32. Board index English Forum Discussion Forum ESP-IDF; Need API support to provide micro seconds delay. ESP_Sprite, to me, "the company gang" is a term of respect. The exact hardware timer implementation used will depend on the target, where LAC timer is used for ESP32. Hello! i am using an ESP32-WROOM-32U dev module to make a packet monitor. ESP Wi-Fi supports up to {IDF_TARGET_MAX_CONN_STA_NUM} (``ESP_WIFI_MAX_CONN_NUM``) Wi-Fi connections. One of the GPIO pin will be initialized and configured as. After successful setup the timer will automatically start. Therefore, I am trying to implement ESP-IDF timer functions but only the first color. IDF documentation suggests microsecond delay - should be millisec. Post by guillermop ». std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(1000)); works, but any delay below 1000 us results in the same behavior as the yield call. This example builds for an Adafruit Metro ESP32-S2 board, which is based on the WROVER module, but with only slight changes it should be usable on an Espressif or other dev board. Hello community, I made a. The timer speed can be determined by the following formula-. When ı create a task using xTaskCreate() function and adding some delay in the task function. source. us – Number of microseconds to pause . hw_timer_t * timerBegin(uint32_t frequency); frequency select timer frequency in Hz. Till Now, we have used ets_delay_us FreeRTOS API to get microseconds delay but that is not recommend to use. They are all 64-bit generic timers based on 16-bit. FreeRTOS (ESP-IDF) FreeRTOS (Supplemental Features) Heap Memory Allocation. This function will return timer structure if configuration is successful. Now click ‘ Create project using template esp_timer . When ı create a task using xTaskCreate() function and adding some delay in the task function. Internal 8. Use only for very small delays (us or a few ms at most), or else the FreeRTOS IDLE tasks’ might starve and the IDLE tasks’ watchdog will trigger. The entire ROM is seen as a continuous 448k starting at 0x40000000. Original example request there is for GET request only, so I need to change REQUEST type there and it was also required to add there some HTTP headers such as encoding of datas that is required for that type of request. To delete the timer when it is no longer needed, call esp_timer_delete (). Internally, esp_timer uses a 52-bit hardware timer. Board index English Forum Discussion Forum ESP-IDF; Need API support to provide micro seconds delay. ’. After that, you can use vTaskDelay (. Top. change "microseconds" to "milliseconds" because vTaskDelay is based on FreeRTOS time tic which is in multiple milliseconds. As you can see I measure the time between two instants using esp_timer_get_time() (this funcion returns an uint64_t with the number of microseconds starting from the power up). #include <rom/ets_sys. この部分もESP-IDF側のAPIに切り替えるため、vTaskDelay ()関数を使ったのだが. ESP-IDF ESP-BOX ESP-ADF ESP-MDF ESP-WHO ESP-SkaiNet ESP32 Arduino IDEs for ESP-IDF ESP-AT ESP IoT Solution ESP. There are other tasks running in the background but they have priority 2 or higher. esp_timer provides one-shot and periodic timers, microsecond time resolution, and 64-bit range. Hello community, I made a. Ideal would be a delay in the bootloader so it starts (and reading the strapping pins) after a short delay (~500ms). Post by peterglen » Tue Oct 06, 2020 7:46 pm . Delay a task until a specified time. Top. void esp_rom_delay_us (uint32_t us) Pauses execution for us microseconds. According to the features used by an application, there are some sub sleep modes. There should be required header file esp_timer. 2. // This code is for testing analogRead delay // Compiled using Arduino IDE // ESP32-WROOM-DA Module // Board is ESP WROOM 32 made by // Does nothing more than fire a periodic timer // interrupt every 200 microseconds and an analogRead // inside the ISR: PinTEST is high before read, // then is low. Doing an "f1 += f2" 100 times takes only 64 microseconds, 640 nanoseconds per addition. ESP_OK on success. I am trying the run stepper motor with the tmc2208 driver and ı want to delay in microseconds like 5uS or 10 uS. And the most important things that delay() will pause the execution of other codes. Joined: Wed Jul 28, 2021 12:25 pm Location: Italy [SOLVED] My function for microseconds delay doesn't work properly. The interrupt is triggered with the rising and falling edge and store the start & endtime with the funktion micros() in two diffrent variables. Identifying the GPIO used as a wake up source. 13 posts 1; 2; Next; Ritesh Posts: 1330 Joined: Tue Sep 06, 2016 9:37 am. This function should be provided with a structure timer_config_t to define how timer should operate. Tested making a call and saving values. source ·. Then return. According to the documentation esp_sleep_enable_timer_wakeup accepts a uint64_t type for its requested duration parameter. The API is slightly different than that for the ESP32. 13 posts 1; 2; Next; Ritesh Posts: 1325 Joined: Tue Sep 06, 2016 9:37 am. August 15, 2022. (infrared of 905nm) with “digitalWrtie”, but I do not get pulses under 2 microseconds. hw_timer_t * timerBegin(uint32_t frequency); frequency select timer frequency in Hz. Hello World, I am trying to control a servo using the ESP32_Servo Library on my ESP32 S2 Board. After much struggling I found that vTaskSuspendAll (); and xTaskResumeAll (); works but only as long as no delays are used. Obtaining v5. py -p [PORT] flash idf. bvernoux changed the title vTaskDelay / portTICK_RATE_MS wrong delay vTaskDelay / portTICK_RATE_MS wrong delay (not an issue) on Oct 19, 2016. Till Now, we have used ets_delay_us FreeRTOS API to get microseconds delay but that is not recommend to use. -- So I have a big pile of spaghetti here (link to sketch dump). Optimizing execution speed is a key element of software performance. 6, 20, 16, 13. Till Now, we have used ets_delay_us FreeRTOS API to get microseconds delay but that is not recommend to use. I am trying the run stepper motor with the tmc2208 driver and ı want to delay in microseconds like 5uS or 10 uS. Each RTC pad has a “force hold” input signal from the RTC controller. h> ets_delay_us(10); //Stalls execution for #uS Exact delaysThis discussion on sub-microsecond ESP timing seems well worth reading FYI. You can update the period at runtime by calling mcpwm_timer_set_period() function. ESP-IDF ESP-BOX ESP-ADF ESP-MDF ESP-WHO ESP-SkaiNet ESP32 Arduino IDEs for ESP-IDF ESP-AT ESP IoT Solution ESP. esp_timer set of APIs provides one-shot and periodic timers, microsecond time resolution, and 52-bit range. 1 Answer. ESP-IDF ESP-BOX ESP-ADF ESP-MDF ESP-WHO ESP. If your application code does not call vTaskSuspendAll () directly,. In deep sleep mode, CPUs, most of the RAM, and all the. ESPHome is a system to control your ESP8266/ESP32 by simple yet powerful configuration files and control them remotely through Home Automation systems. Hello community, I made a. For ESP-IDF target, we have chosen ESP32 module. event_base – [in] the event base that identifies the event. 13 posts 1; 2; Next; Ritesh Posts: 1336 Joined: Tue Sep 06, 2016 9:37 am. Hello community, I made a. Because all the callbacks are dispatched from the same task, it is recommended to only do the minimal. Hello community, I made a. 13 posts 1; 2; Next; Ritesh Posts: 1325 Joined: Tue Sep 06, 2016 9:37 am. #include "esp_task_wdt. 9 posts. The spi_flash component also has higher-level API functions which work with partitions defined in the partition table. Example: delay_microseconds (2000000) //waits for 2 seconds. July 6, 2022. in order to get a microseconds’ delay for another try. 9 posts. ESP32 S2 PWM Servo Control. Second Stage Bootloader loads partition table and main app image. Upon exit from Light-sleep, the digital peripherals, RAM, and CPUs resume operation and their internal states are preserved. ). I would like to toggle an output pin in the order of microseconds so use the function delayMicroseconds. Hi, it's me again with more stupid questions. Specify the project name and directory. bvernoux completed on Oct 19, 2016. However, improving execution speed may have trade-offs with other aspects of performance such as Minimizing Binary Size. One is to wait for a period after resetting a chip (BME280). I promise this one is definitely about dual core issues and not my crappy array management. If you don't want to use vTaskDelay maybe you could make the priority of the IDLE and the MAIN task equal. The second ISR would be connected to the Timer. tv_usec is set to microseconds, since the original time_t doesn't. Optimizing execution speed is a key element of software performance. The code here presented is IDF only related. Forget DMA and (obviously) setup processing/interrupts on core 1. The address phase. 13 posts 1; 2; Next; Ritesh Posts: 1327 Joined: Tue Sep 06, 2016 9:37 am. Thus, all ESP-IDF applications and many ESP-IDF components are written based on FreeRTOS. I have some code running as a FreeRTOS task on my ESP32. I dont get any delay even if I add some different delays. However, the code doesn't work and I don't think the servo is getting any PWM signal. It is also possible. If I take 64 readings with a 1ms interval for stability that's 64 milliseconds. (adc1_channel_t)channel2); } It goes without saying that this a workaround. Hardware Configuration a Potentiometer is connected to my broad and used as Analogue input. After configuring the wakeup sources, the ESP32 board can enter deep sleep by the following call. 4 posts • Page 1 of 1. This will take about 30 microseconds to execute: int samp = adc1_get_raw((adc1_channel_t)channel2);. in order to get a microseconds’ delay for another try. Delay a task until a specified time. Click ‘Choose Template’ button to proceed forward. i2c_delay. This will take about 30 microseconds to execute:. This note explains various steps which happen before app_main function of an ESP-IDF application is called. This example delays by 500ms: esp-idf-equivalent-to-arduino-delay. See the Backported Features for more information. The esp_intr_alloc () abstraction exists to hide all. I have updated my IDF branch (master or release) to the latest version and checked that the issue is present there. With a normal LEDs you can show the state of a system (blue= too cold, red= too hot). This function would load the correct interval (delay) into the pre-configured timer. The spi_flash component also has higher-level API functions which work with partitions defined in the partition table. void esp_rom_delay_us (uint32_t us) Pauses execution for us microseconds. Currently, ESP32 Wi-Fi supports the Modem-sleep mode which refers to the legacy power-saving mode in the IEEE 802. The esp_timer "High Resolution Timer" implementation is built on top of a hardware timer that's always running, so you just call esp_timer_get_time () to get a system timestamp from it. To say it works is really stretching it. In that case task for HTTP / HTTPS request will wait for datas almost 50 days. Up to 80 microseconds it is all good and stable, but if I raise the PWM frequency,. Using "nop" command gives me 0. The master needs a setup time of 2 APB clocks before the sample edge on the MISO line. Post by filo_gr » Thu Sep 09, 2021 6:57 am . @rahmanshaber The ESP32-C3 does support deep sleep with external wakeup. The main idea is to start a timer for a given amount of time (say 5 seconds) whenever an external button is pushed. Optimizing execution speed is a key element of software performance. Where do you get the Delay() function from? It's not part of ESP-IDF. When the timer expired it would be triggered. See the full code below. 3 IDE Name Arduino IDE Operating System. FreeRTOS is an open source RTOS (real-time operating system) kernel that is integrated into ESP-IDF as a component. Joined: Wed Jul 28, 2021 12:25 pm Location: Italy [SOLVED] My function for microseconds delay doesn't work properly. 0, however some functions of FreeRTOS v9. Board index English Forum Discussion Forum ESP-IDF; IDF documentation suggests microsecond delay - should be millisec. void esp_rom_delay_us (uint32_t us) Pauses execution for us microseconds. However, improving execution speed may have trade-offs with other aspects of performance such as Minimizing Binary Size. Turned out that vTaskDelay (2/portTICK_PERIOD_MS) wasn't waiting long. 13 posts 1; 2; Next; Ritesh Posts: 1327 Joined: Tue Sep 06, 2016 9:37 am. ESP_OK on success. Not a typo; an empathetic nod to Jesús Gris. These ESP32 Hardware Timers, using Interrupt, still work even if other functions are blocking. Delay(). Joined: Wed Jul 28, 2021 12:25 pm Location: Italy [SOLVED] My function for microseconds delay doesn't work properly. We have named our project ‘ESP32_TIMER_INTERRUPT. Raising the timer interrupt’s priority can reduce the timer processing delay caused by interrupt latency. You can google them to see how they work. us – Number of microseconds to pause . Joined: Wed Jul 28, 2021 12:25 pm Location: Italy [SOLVED] My function for microseconds delay doesn't work properly. py build idf. Now click ‘ Create project using template sntp . This document describes using ESP-IDF with the ESP32 SoC. The application requires the precision of tens of microseconds. Till Now, we have used ets_delay_us FreeRTOS API to get microseconds delay but that is not recommend to use. h file, we can easily see the include for the esp_timer. I also used portTICK_RATE_MS but the speed didnt change . 3. Since I am taking differences the constant term is not important, and the 130 ns is acceptable. 1. Code: Select all. Each interrupt has a fixed priority, most (but not all) interrupts are connected to the interrupt matrix. get_idf idf. The delay function seems to be based on system ticks so that the delay time can be used for other tasks. ↩1- It's not Arduino related. Then use Eclipse to program using the IDF. Neopixels have great possibilties. When ı create a task using xTaskCreate() function and adding some delay in the task function. Out there there are either IDF modules for ESP32 (with RMT) or Arduino based (which was quite hard to port to RTOS SDK). For 2 sensors thats ~ 128 milliseconds. The CPU is executing at a constant processor clock rate. ESP-IDF timer delay. Actually, we have connected one module over UART with ESP32 chip in our product. Re:. In deep sleep mode, CPUs, most of the RAM, and all the. The ROM function ets_delay_us() (defined in rom/ets_sys. Description: Stops program for given micro_seconds. Hi, I have several tasks in freeRTOS on my ESP32 delaying with the vTaskDelay-function. I also used portTICK_RATE_MS but the speed didnt change . I am trying to measure the duty cycle interval (from falling to rising edge) in microseconds of an incoming PWM signal of 20 KHz. 0000041666666666667 ms by X to get your time delay or you can use pdMS_TO_TICKS ( X ) which will do it for you. Board index English Forum Discussion Forum ESP-IDF; IDF documentation suggests microsecond delay - should be millisec. This is the second part of a series of ESP-IDF tutorials that I will complete as I learn stuff. With a neopixel you can show values in between with smoothly changing colors from for instance blue. Actual resolution may be less. microseconds micros : 10814 HPtimer = 10814 --> 10000 calls of micros() on core 1 (500µs longer) but value measured by the two functions give the same result microseconds micros core0 : 10835 microseconds HighPrecTimer: 10216 microseconds HighPrecTimer core0: 10504 microseconds micros : 10795 HPtimer = 10795 microseconds micros core0 : 10783 Delay in uS. h for it to reside in. Now run the following commands to make sure we can compile and flash the code before continuing. Till Now, we have used ets_delay_us FreeRTOS API to get microseconds delay but that is not recommend to use. 9 posts. Is there any limitation about max millis() counter? If millis() is used properly then no. Even when logs are disabled by using a tag name they will still require a processing time of around 10. Overview. Post by filo_gr » Thu Sep 09, 2021 6:57 am . When you use several pins to wake up the ESP32, it is useful to know which pin caused the wake up. To switch to a different SoC target, choose target from the dropdown in the upper left. Top. By referring the ESP8266 guide, I am able to put the ESP32 in deepSleep mode. Board WEMOS LOLIN32 LITE Device Description just on breadboard. h at the beginning of the file. {"payload":{"allShortcutsEnabled":false,"fileTree":{"components/newlib":{"items":[{"name":"platform_include","path":"components/newlib/platform_include","contentType. As you can see I measure the time between two instants using esp_timer_get_time() (this funcion returns an uint64_t with the number of microseconds starting from the power up). This is the second part of a series of ESP-IDF tutorials that I will complete as I learn stuff. There are a thousand microseconds in a millisecond and a million microseconds in a second. Delay a task for a given number of ticks. Code that executes faster can also have other positive effects, e. The only functions that change uxSchedulerSuspended are vTaskSuspendAll () and xTaskResumeAll (). get current time in millis() Post by Saskia » Fri Jul 21, 2017 9:58 am . A tick is what you configure it to be. ) to perform the delay. 1 post • Page 1 of 1. 5us delay when ESP works at 80MHz. ESP32 Timer Example (Arduino) Let’s say we’d like to toggle an LED every 1 ms without using a delay that blocks the CPU and does much harm to the overall timing performance of your system. Parameters. Joined: Wed Jul 28, 2021 12:25 pm Location: Italy [SOLVED] My function for microseconds delay doesn't work properly. period: timer period, in microseconds . Reiner1210 Posts: 39 Joined: Tue Mar 20, 2018 6:28 pm. You will get a notification that the project has been created. Post by filo_gr » Thu Sep 09, 2021 6:57 am . ESP-IDF TODO. To switch to a different SoC target, choose target from the dropdown in the upper left. This could change in future Arduino releases. 0, thus deferring time_t overflow for another 292 billion years. The FreeRTOS kernel is ported to all architectures (i. ESP-IDF FreeRTOS is based on the Xtensa port of FreeRTOS v8. The spi_flash component contains API functions related to reading, writing, erasing, memory mapping for data in the external flash. If 0 is passed as the argument, the delay will equal the time spent executing the interrupt service routine. 0. I guess the system timer runs with a resolution of 1 ms. us – Number of microseconds to pause . It’s highly recommended to install and operate GPIO bundle in a pin-to-core task. However, improving execution speed may have trade-offs with other aspects of performance such as Minimizing Binary Size. Github: my esp32 disassembly. The timer_u32. There are other tasks running in the background but they have priority 2 or higher. This function would load the correct interval (delay) into the pre-configured timer. For the demonstration purpose, I will use the LCD1602, which is connected via the PCF8574 I2C expander. I also used portTICK_RATE_MS but the speed didnt change . delay () will stop every other code from execution. fn delay_us (&mut self, us: u32) Pauses execution for at minimum us microseconds. I don't want to use the vTaskDelay () since it effects also other part of my code. Internally, esp_timer uses a 52-bit hardware timer. 0-rc1 as on. vTaskDelay () is supposed to allow a context switch. The IDF zone occurs in southern BC, covering 5. Now, generally, the analogRead() execution time on ESP32 is in the ballpark of 10 microseconds. When ı create a task using xTaskCreate() function and adding some delay in the task function. Board index English Forum Discussion Forum ESP-IDF; Need API support to provide micro seconds delay. 9 posts. esp_timer provides one-shot and periodic timers, microsecond time resolution, and 64-bit range. If the Modem-sleep mode is enabled, station will switch between active and sleep state periodically. Thus, there is no esp_wifi_get_tsf function, in fact there isn't even an esp_wifi. Re: Timer management with and without interrupt. Microsecond delay within task. In the Arduino IDE, the function millis() gives that. This depends on the setting of divider, that will be used as divisor of the incoming 80 MHz APB_CLK clock. Under the hood, the esp_timer. Most of it is functions related to controlling a nextion screen via serial and stepper motors. Top. In section "API Guide - Wi-Fi Driver" -- in sub-section "ESP32 Wi-Fi. If you have a thread that must run so fast it blocks the other. Delay in mS vTaskDelay(2000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS); The RTOS tick period is (by default) 10ms. commit () after the above steps. h" nor they have separate header files in. I call vTaskDelay for various reasons. sleep_us(us): This is yet another blocking method that provides a delay in microseconds. unless delay actually calls vTaskDelay on esp32, which it does. Board index English Forum Discussion Forum ESP-IDF; Need API support to provide micro seconds delay. 13 us. The constant portTICK_PERIOD_MS can be. v5. High Resolution Timer (ESP Timer) Internal and Unstable APIs. Hello community, I made a. Note that this is busy-waiting, so. The spi_flash component contains API functions related to reading, writing, erasing, memory mapping for data in the external flash. Joined: Wed Aug 29, 2018 3:17 pm. h) will allow you to busy-wait for a correct number of microseconds. There is also separate “RTC GPIO” support, which functions when GPIOs are routed to the “RTC” low-power and analog subsystem. Re: vTaskDelay () vS. The CPU is executing at a constant processor clock rate. void esp_rom_install_channel_putc (int channel, void (* putc) (char c)) esp_rom_printf can print message to different channels simultaneously. Parameters. I am trying the run stepper motor with the tmc2208 driver and ı want to delay in microseconds like 5uS or 10 uS. 1. To create a timer, call esp_timer_create (). I've spotted the delay ets_delay_us(50) in the led_strip_flush function introduced in 4642ea3. I made a test PWM signal on a GPIO pin (50% duty) and connected it to input pin. Points (x) show quantiles associated with (from bottom to. Each group has two general-purpose hardware timers. In this guide, we will show you how to use FreeRTOS timers and delays using ESP32 and ESP-IDF. This function can help install the low level putc function for esp_rom. When a user enters the IP address in a web browser, an HTTP get request is sent to. In this ESP-IDF tutorial, we will learn to use ESP32 GPIO Interrupts using ESP-IDF. In the Extension, select ESP-IDF option: We will click the ‘ sntp ’ under the Protocols tab. Each group has two general-purpose hardware timers. N.